Thanks for the reply!
Interesting, what do you mean by boots into a different USB state? I don't think I've tried exactly lsusb (the issue is sporadic and hard to reproduce so testing has been difficult) but I know the issue causes at least my Python program to not be able to find the camera, and will continue not to be able to find the camera until I manually unplug and replug in the camera from the external power.
This is in contrast to "normal" XLink errors on my unpowered cables. It seems like when the device loses connection there, the program is readily able to refind the camera on program restart.